> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://developers.particle.network/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# What is Universal Liquidity?
> Overview of Particle Network’s liquidity mechanism powering Universal Accounts.
**Universal Liquidity** allows **Universal Accounts** to fulfill user actions without requiring them to **bridge** or manually move assets across chains. It routes funds across **solvers** with liquidity on supported networks based on the user’s **intent**, allowing them to interact with all chains as if they were **one**.
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## How It Works
When a user performs an action on a chain where they don’t hold funds, Universal Liquidity handles the **cross-chain** complexity behind the scenes. **Liquidity sources** and **solvers** operate across networks to execute the transaction.
**Flow:**
1. The user initiates the action (**swap**, **mint**, **deposit**, etc.) and signs once to **authorize** it. No preparation of assets or **gas** on the target chain is required.
2. The **signature** conveys what the user wants to do and confirms they can cover the **cost**.
3. **Solvers** detect the request and temporarily provide the required **liquidity** on the destination chain. They:
* Execute the transaction on the user’s behalf
* Cover the required **costs upfront**
* Recoup the value afterward from the user’s **balances** on any chain
4. The transaction finalizes on the **destination network**.
The user’s funds **never move beforehand**. The solver only fronts the required liquidity, then withdraws **repayment** from the user’s existing balances according to the signed authorization.
A **solver** is simply an **on-chain entity** with liquidity (e.g., an **LP** holding **USDT** or another [**Primary Token**](/universal-accounts/cha/chains)). Particle currently operates the liquidity pools, with the goal of enabling **permissionless** participation in the future.
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## Example
A user holds:
* **100 USDC** on Base
* **0.1 BNB** (\~\$90) on BNB Chain
* **0.3 SOL** (\~\$40) on Solana
They want to execute a transaction that requires **200 USDC on Ethereum**. A solver provides **200 USDC** on Ethereum and then receives **repayment** across the user’s existing balances, plus a small **fee**.
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## Gas Abstraction
Universal Liquidity also removes the requirement to hold **native gas tokens** on every chain. **Paymasters** cover **gas fees** on the user’s behalf, then settle repayment afterward using **any supported asset** — even if that asset is on another chain.
**Flow:**
1. User signs to authorize the operation and **repayment**.
2. **Paymaster** fronts the gas immediately.
3. Transaction executes on the **target chain**.
4. Repayment is deducted afterward using available **balances**.
A **single signature** is enough to complete **cross-chain** operations while advancing both **liquidity** and **gas**.
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## TL;DR
Universal Liquidity enables:
* Assets across chains to function as **one unified liquidity source**
* Execution of transactions using **any combination** of a user’s balances
* Removal of **bridging**, **gas concerns**, and **balance fragmentation**
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## Get Started with Universal Accounts
Learn how to integrate **Universal Accounts** into your application.
Start building with Universal Accounts.